Optimized Construction Scheme for the Installation of Steel and Wooden Fire Doors

Table of Contents

Section 1: Introduction…………………………………….1

Section 2: Construction Preparation………………………………….1

Section 3: Process Flow and Construction Method………………………….3

Section 4: Finished Product Protection………………………………….7

Section 5: Quality Assurance Measures………………………………8

Section 6: Issues to Be Aware of………………………………9

Section 7: Safety Construction Measures……………………………..10

Section 8: Environmental Protection Measures……………………………..10

Section 1: Introduction

This scheme is designed to standardize the installation work of fire doors in the office building renovation project of the Kunming Greenland Project, ensuring the installation quality meets national fire safety standards. The project selects “Guangdun” brand steel fire door frames and leaves, as well as wooden fire door frames and fire-resistant decorative wooden door leaves produced by Kunming Guangdun Chuangzhan Door Industry Co., Ltd. These are applied in critical areas such as elevator escape doors, shafts, and electromechanical rooms to enhance the building’s fire safety performance.

Section 2: Construction Preparation

Steel Fire Door Frame and Leaf Materials, Installation Requirements

Material Specifications: The steel door frame and leaf should be made of cold-rolled thin steel plate, filled with non-combustible material, and equipped with corresponding hardware to ensure they meet the requirements for fire resistance stability, integrity, and insulation.

Fire Resistance Limit: According to the “Fire Protection Code for High-rise Civil Buildings GB50045-95,” the fire resistance limit of steel fire doors is classified as: Class A doors ≥ 1.2 hours, Class B doors ≥ 0.9 hours, Class C doors ≥ 0.6 hours.

Structural Requirements:

The door frame should use steel plates of 1.2-1.5mm thickness, the door panel should use steel plates of 0.8-1.2mm thickness, and the reinforcement should use steel plates of 1.2-1.5mm thickness, with steel plate thickness at screw holes ≥ 3.0mm.
The door leaf and frame should be filled with non-combustible material.
Hardware Accessories:

Locks, hinges, bolts, and other hardware accessories should have a melting temperature ≥ 950 degrees Celsius.
Hinges should not use double-action springs; single-leaf doors should be equipped with door closers.
Double-leaf doors should have a constant cover strip and be equipped with door closers and sequencers (except for normally closed fire doors).
Assembly Gap: After assembling the door leaf and frame, the gap on both sides should be ≤4mm, the gap on the upper side should be ≤3mm, and the gap between double-leaf doors should be ≤4mm.
Wooden Fire Door Frame and Leaf Materials, Installation Requirements

Material Specifications:

Wooden fire doors should use kiln-dried timber with a moisture content ≤12%.
Door glass should meet the fire resistance requirements of wooden fire doors.
Structure and Decoration:

Defects such as dead knots and wormholes should be filled with the same type of wood to maintain consistent color and texture.
Hardware accessories should meet national fire detection standards.
Doors should close automatically; evacuation passage doors should close quickly and open in the direction of evacuation.
Manufacturing Requirements:

Door frames and leaves should use double tenon joints for a tight fit, glued and clamped together.
In humid regions, water-resistant phenolic resin glue should be used.
For surface decoration, the frame and crossbars should be on the same plane, and air holes should be drilled to prevent moisture.
Section 3: Process Flow and Construction Method

(I) Installation of Steel Fire Doors

3.1 Work Conditions

3.1.1 Door frame infill should be neatly stacked, using cement and sand mixed on-site or filled with pebble concrete to ensure compaction.

3.1.2 Before installation, check the door frame for any twisting, warping, bending, or splitting, and repair if necessary.

3.1.3 Classify and lay out door frames and leaves neatly to prevent water accumulation. Use wooden strips between layers for ventilation, and cover outdoors to prevent rain.

3.1.4 Verify the installation position and opening direction of the door frame according to the drawing dimensions, with the installation height controlled by the architectural datum line.

3.1.5 Ideally, install the door frame before wall plastering and the door leaf after the completion of walls and floors, paying attention to the protection of finished products.

3.2 Process Control During Installation

3.2.1 Aperture Testing: After synthesizing the architectural plan, door and window schedule, and detailed drawings, compare with the site aperture and actual quantity to ensure consistency.

3.2.2 Technical Disclosure: Grasp the installation and baseline data of each part in written form, including vertical line data, frame, and wall reservation data, etc.

3.3 Door Frame Installation Requirements

a) Check the door frame and leaf, and install after repairing any warping or deformation.

b) The opening direction of the fire door must be in the direction of evacuation, considering the opening angle of the door leaf.

c) Verify the aperture datum line and opening direction; after erecting the door frame, correct the verticality and fix it slightly with special wooden pegs.

d) Integrate the door frame with the building using special metal parts and fix it with expansion bolts.

e) Embed the door frame 20mm below the ±0.00 surface, not less than 15mm.

f) After installation, pour cement mortar between the door frame and the wall, and maintain it for more than 24 hours.

g) For secondary structures, masonry at the door piers should embed concrete blocks in advance.

h) Avoid using a hammer to directly hit the door frame during installation.

i) Special treatment is required when the upper aperture space exceeds 50mm.

3.4 Steel Door Leaf Installation

Transport by model, hang the door leaf, adjust the door gap, and address inaccuracies in dimensions and lock positions.

3.5 Steel Door Accessories Installation

a) Ensure the door lock plate and screws are flat, replacing any rusty screws.

b) Address misaligned lock holes and screw holes to avoid forced installation.

c) Compile door lock numbers as per owner’s requirements.

d) After completion, check the door lock operation and ensure no screws or holes are missed.

e) Avoid knocking on the door frame during installation to prevent deformation.

f) Clean up packaging bags to prevent contamination and rust.

3.6 Cleaning

Clear debris on the door frame, ensure the sides of the frame are level and vertical, and repair any collision damage.

(II) Installation of Wooden Fire Doors

Work Conditions: Check the door frame for any twisting or warping, apply anti-corrosive paint, and classify and lay out neatly.

Process Flow: Determine the layout, install the door frame, then the door leaf, and if conditions allow, install as a set.

Wooden Fire Door Frame Installation: Complete before floor work, ensuring it is secure, fixed with special adhesives.

Wooden Fire Door Leaf Installation: Determine the opening direction and size, install hinges, ensure all hardware is installed completely, and in the appropriate position.

Wooden Fire Door Installation must ensure overall strength, maintaining integrity after impact tests, with the infill material not cracking or falling off.

Section 4: Finished Product Protection

4.1 Steel fire door frames and leaves should be fully wrapped in plastic film to prevent contamination and minor scratches during construction. This protective film should be completely removed before the completion of the project.

4.2 Steel fire doors are electrostatically powder coated, so care must be taken during transportation and installation to avoid rough handling that could damage the finished product.

4.3 After installation, wooden fire door frames should be protected with sheet metal, centered around the axle of a handcart. If door frame installation coincides with structural work, measures should be taken to prevent collision or displacement deformation of the door frame. For high-grade hardwood frames, it is advisable to nail 1cm thick wooden strips for protection to prevent damage to the cutouts and affect installation.

4.4 When planing doors and windows, use wooden clamps to securely lift and hold them in place to avoid damaging the edges.

4.5 After the door frames and leaves arrive on-site, they should be properly stored, kept in storage off the ground by 20-40cm and laid flat, arranged neatly in order of use. If temporarily stored outdoors, they should be covered with tarpaulins to prevent rain.

4.6 The side of wooden door frames leaning against the wall should be treated with a wood preservative, and the cavities of steel fire door frames should be promptly painted with anti-rust paint to prevent rusting.

4.7 Handle door leaves gently during installation to avoid damaging the finished product. Do not pry doors and windows forcefully during repairs to avoid damaging the material and hardware.

4.8 During the construction process, due to the presence of many subcontracting units and cross-operation issues, attention must also be paid to the protection of each unit’s finished products. If deliberate damage to another’s finished products is found, it must be reported to the general contractor’s responsible person for appropriate handling.

4.9 Hardware installation should meet the requirements of the drawings, and care should be taken to protect the finished product after installation. Protect against contamination during plastering.

4.10 After the door leaves are installed, do not use hand carts indoors to avoid collisions.

Section 5: Quality Assurance Measures

5.1 Quality Control During Construction

Quality control during construction primarily includes the quality of construction operations and the quality of construction technical management work.

5.2 Process quality control, including the quality control of process activity conditions and outcomes. Determine the engineering quality control process; proactively control process activity conditions, mainly referring to factors that affect process quality, such as operators, materials and components, construction tools, equipment, construction sequence, and methods; timely inspect process quality, analyze and judge the actual measurement data, and propose requirements and measures for subsequent work.

5.3 Set quality control points. For a process or link with high technical requirements and construction difficulty, set technical and supervisory focuses, where operators, materials, equipment, construction process parameters, and methods can all be controlled intensively.

5.4 Pre-control of engineering quality. Quality inspection includes operator self-inspection, mutual inspection within teams, handover inspection between processes, inspection by construction personnel or quality inspectors, as well as inspections by owners, supervisors, designers, and government quality supervision departments.

Section 6: Issues to Pay Attention to

6.1 Common issues in the installation of fire doors include:
a) The opening direction does not meet requirements, not opening towards the evacuation direction.
b) The fire resistance rating of the fire door does not meet the requirements, where doors that should have been of grade A according to design requirements were installed as grade B or C.
c) Omission or failure to install door closers, which are required for fire doors located in passages and stairwell entrances to meet the normally closed requirement.
d) Insufficient installation of hardware accessories. Larger fire doors that should have three hinges installed might only have two or even one, and doors that should have four screws might only have two installed, reducing their fixed strength.
e) Large gaps in the middle, allowing smoke to pass through easily, failing to effectively compartmentalize fire.
f) Excessive clearance from the ground, where interior doors should have a clearance of 6-8mm according to regulations.
g) Door gap specifications are 1.5-2.5mm.
h) Steel door frames should be filled with cement mortar or rock wool, which is sometimes omitted during installation.
i) Holes on the side or above the fire door are not sealed.
j) Installation of non-fire-resistant hardware accessories and locks.
k) Poor opening and closing performance due to faulty door closers or poor installation quality, including incorrect installation angles for door closers or loose hinges.
l) Omission of fire-resistant sealing strips on fire doors.
m) Gaps between the installed fire door frame and the wall are not sealed.

6.2 To address the many issues that can arise during the installation of fire doors, attention must be paid to the following aspects:
a) Door frames and leaves should be provided by professional manufacturers, with installation carried out by construction units, but with guidance and correction from the manufacturers. Doors, door frames, and assemblies should be kept vertical, level, and square.
b) The opening direction of doors and frames should be carefully considered during installation, ensuring they open in the direction of evacuation.
c) Steel door frames and wooden door frame installations can be conducted according to relevant drawings, with prefabricated parts prepared in advance.
d) The installation gap width for wooden and steel doors should be executed according to regulations.

Section 7: Safety Construction Measures

7.1 Ladders used for installing doors and windows must be sturdy and secure, without missing steps, and not positioned too steeply; an angle of 60º-70º with the ground is appropriate. It is strictly forbidden for two people to stand on the same ladder simultaneously. Do not stand on high stools near wall edges to prevent falls.
7.2 It is strictly forbidden to enter the construction site wearing slippers, high heels, nail-soled shoes prone to slipping, or barefoot. Safety helmets must be worn when entering the site.
7.3 Materials should be stacked stably. Tools should be placed in tool bags immediately after use. Objects and tools should not be thrown when being passed up or down.
7.4 Electrical tools should be fitted with shock protectors to ensure safety.
7.5 Regularly check whether hammer handles are loose and whether electric drills and other electrical tools have leakage. Repair immediately upon discovery, and do not use them reluctantly.

Section 8: Environmental Protection Measures

8.1 Door frames and leaves that are not installed by the end of the day must be properly stored in the storeroom or kept under supervision.
8.2 Waste generated at the construction site, including packaging plastic and paper, should be collected timely, stored at designated locations, and cleared uniformly.
8.3 Adhere to and implement the “clean site after work” and “daily cleaning” management standards to establish a civilized construction image.